Overview
Root canals are narrow passageways branching from beneath the top of a tooth, extending vertically to the tip of the root. Each tooth can have between one and four root canals.
Many dental issues arise from infections that reach the pulp—the innermost part of the tooth containing nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue. Infections or traumatic injuries can damage the pulp, potentially affecting the root system and causing complications.
When the pulp becomes diseased, symptoms often include pain and sensitivity. As the infection spreads, it may form small pockets of pus, leading to an abscess, a more serious condition.
Root canal therapy is a highly successful treatment designed to remove diseased tissue, stop the infection, and preserve the tooth. Prior to this procedure, the only option for a severely infected tooth was extraction.
Procedure
Root canal treatment typically requires one to three visits:
- Access and Cleaning
A small hole is drilled into the top of the tooth to access the pulp chamber. The infected or damaged tissue is removed, and the area is thoroughly cleaned and disinfected. - Shaping and Filling
The canals are reshaped and filled with a flexible, antibacterial material to prevent further infection. - Sealing
If necessary, a temporary filling is placed until the tooth is permanently sealed with a dental crown.
Most patients experience little to no discomfort during or after the procedure. With proper care, a tooth treated with root canal therapy can last as long as a healthy natural tooth.
